A 22-year-old with arm numbness and tingling that worsens when reaching overhead and with neck pain during those activities should be evaluated for which condition?

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Overhead arm positions can narrow the space where the brachial plexus and blood vessels pass through the thoracic outlet, leading to nerve compression that causes numbness and tingling in the arm. In a young adult, this neurogenic compression often shows up with symptoms that are provoked by reaching overhead and can be accompanied by neck pain during those positions, because the same regional structures (scalene muscles, clavicle, first rib) are involved. This pattern fits thoracic outlet syndrome best. By contrast, carpal tunnel would mostly affect the hand and wrist; diabetes insipidus doesn’t cause limb numbness; cervical facet syndrome causes neck pain with certain neck movements but not the characteristic arm numbness triggered specifically by overhead reach.